Radio beam training device



Au 17, 1943. A. H. DELAREUELLE 2,326,756

' RADIO BEAM TRAINING DEVICE Fil ed Nov. 6, 1942 s Sheets-Sheet 1 Y I INVENTORS Arfhur' H. He' l arena 1943. Y A. H. DELAREUELLE 2,326,766 RADIO BEAM TRAINING, DEVICE 6; 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov.

Arthur Hllelarmane Harr i. a BY f AAA/4 S m T N E V m Patented is... 17, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT 'oFFiCE aa'n'ro astime nnvrcn I I Arthur H. Delareuelle, United states Marine Corps, and Harry Price, United States Navy Application November 6, 1942, Serial No. 464,818

7 Claims. (01. 35-12) (Granted under the act of March'3, 1883, as

amendedApril 30, 1928; 370 0. G. 757) Our invention relates in. general to educational devices and in particular to a ground device for training a student in the art of operatv ing an actual aeroplane, ship or the like by radio are dependent upon the instantposition or the tracing, unit on the beam pattern, and hence his simulated position in flight; the course bearing at any instant being indicated to the student by means of a simulated compass which is coupled signals broadcast in a pattern from a radio to the tracing unit for operation by the latter as station. it changes its course on the chart. For example, in one conventional radio pat- Another object of our invention is to provide a. tern, signals may be broadcast outwardly in four novel type of tracing unit for moving over and sections. In these sections, the signals might be recording on a chart the course of simulated the usual Morse code dot and dash signals repreflieht ta n y the stud t p ot while p at senting the letters A'and N. Either the A or N. the training device. v w signal is heard in any one section and thesig These and other objects of our invention will nals are so arranged that difierent signals are become more apparent from the detailed descripheard in adjacent sections. In the marginal tion to follow and from the accompanying drawareas of these sections, where the A and N si'gl5 ings, in which like parts are indicated. by like nals overlap, the combined signals effect a con-. reference characters. I tinuous hum in a narrow cone which diverges In the drawings, which illustrate a preferred from the radio station. This continuous hum form of our invention, Fig. 1 is a top plan view constitutes the "on course signal or radio beam of our comple e appara us; and serves to guide the pilot to the radio station. Fig. 2 is a side elevational view; Should the pilot be flying a course generally away Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the electrical cirfrom the radio, such signals will become steadily cuits utilized for controlling the direction of the weaker. Conversely, should the course taken by tracing unit from the control lever operated by' thepilot be generally towards the radio station, I the student; the signals will become steadily stronger. It is Fig. 4 is an enlarged plan view of the arm and also usual for the radio station to periodically pulley-rope system forgmechanically coupling the interrupt these signals with station identifying compass card to the tracing unit;- l signalsso that the pilot will know that he is some- Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the details of the where within the signal pattern of a particular compass card arrangement for use by the obradio station, server and student; I

The pilot of course has to be able to properly Fig. 6 is an enlarged detailed vertical section interpret such signals and manipulate his plane of the control lever mechanism; in accordance with such interpretation so as to Fig. 7 is an enlarged plan view of .the tracing bring it to the radio station along the radio unit shown in Figs. land 2;

beam, 1 l Fig. 8 is an enlarged view in elevation of the The general object of our invention is to protracing unit; and v 4 vide a stationary ground device simulating an Fig.9 is an enlarged vertical section taken on aeroplane in actual flight for the purpose of line 99 of Fig. 7. training'a student pilot in the art of flying by Referring now to the drawings, we provide a radio signals which might be broadcast in a pat- 40 table 13 upon which is supported an upstanding tern from aradio station to the aeroplane. partition member It. This partition separates Another object of our invention is to provide the student from the observer and also functions a training device of the character described to support certain apparatus utilized in our inwhich is extremely simple in construction and 'vention, as will-be later described.

operation and economical to manufacture. a The student who is to be seated at table 13 on A more specific object of our invention is to the left side f artition It has under his control provide a stationary training device of the chara lever l5 which is pivotally mounted at l6 (see acter described in which the-student pilot by. Fig. 6) in a casing H, the lever It being extended means of a control leverthe operation of'which through a slotted portion l8 in the casing for is equivalent to operation of course determining operation by the student. controls such as the control stick and rudder A pair of circular and superposed compass deflection pedals oi an aeroplane in actual flight cards l9 and 20 arekeyed or otherwise secured directs a tracing unit at a speed simulating the together on a pin 21, the latter being journalled speed of such aeroplane over a chart containing 1 in a frame member 22. A small aperture 23 is a radio beam pattern thereon to record on the provided through the partition I4 and the frame chart the course of simulated flight taken'by'the 22 is so supported on the partition ll that only student pilot, the flight course being selected by the indicia of the topcompass card I9 may be. the studentpilot through interpretation of radio visibl to the student through the aperture 2}. signals transmitted to him, the nature of which The indicia of the bottom compass card 20 is visible only to the observer ,who is to be seated at the table l3 on the right'side of partition H.

The indicia on the bottom card 26 is displaced latters side of partition H by compass card.26.

For operation of our training device, the bottom compass card 26 is not essential but it is quite useful to initially synchronize the heading of a tracing unit on a chart with the simulated heading indicated to the student by compass card l9.

Disposed on the observer's side of table l3 but invisible to the student because of partition I4 is the chart 24 of any selected geographical area which includes thereon a layout of the particular radio beam pattern which would cover such area. This particular pattern illustrated as an example is one in which the axes of four beams, 25, 26, 21, and 28, he at right angles to each other and emanate from a radio station assumed to be located at the center 29.

cuit to motor 34 from the source of alternating current which may be traced from one side of the source through conductor 46, switch contact vmembers 43 and 44, conductor 41, motor 34, conductors 48 and 49, and through switch 42 to the other side of the source. Also. at the same time an electrical circuit to motor 35 from the source of alternating current is similarly completed. This latter circuit may be traced through conductor 46, switch contactmembers 43 and 45, conductor 56, motor 35, conductors 5| and 49, and through switch 42 to the other side of the source.

Current is supplied to each of the motors 34 and 35 by means of three contact rings 52, 53 and 54 which are embedded in the surface of the top of a plate 55 of insulating material supported on the top of the frame 3|in conjunction with contact pins 56, 51 and 58 mounted in aper- If the student were actually flying in the geographical area represented by the chart 24, the

Morse code signal for the letter N would be heard if he happened to be in the section between beams 25 and 28 or the section between beams 26 and 21. Similarly, the Morse code signal for the letter A would be heard if the student happened to be in either the section between beams 25 and 26 or the section between beams 21 and 26. The steady hum or on course signal would be heard fo such time as' the plane was in the cone of any of the beams.

If the heading in any section was away from the center 29, such signal would become steadily weaker as he went further and further away from the center. wards the center, the signal would become steadily stronger. Also, as the student crossed from one Conversely, if his heading was tosection into the other, the steady hum or on course signal would be heard forsuch time as the plane was in the cone of any of the beams.

The tracing unit 36, as shown in detail in Figs. 7, 8 and 9, comprises a frame 3| having a pair of depending legs 32 and 33. Synchronous motors 34 and 35 having the same speed char-' acteristics are secured respectively to the legs 32 and 33, and propelling wheels 36 and 31 are rotated respectively by the armature members of the motors 34 and 35 through suitable reduction gearing, not shown. These propelling wheels are adapted to move the tracing unit over the chart at a suitable speed simulating. actual flight speed of an aeroplane. Y

'A steadying arm 38 completes the support for tures through an insulating block 59.

Thus both motors 34 and 35 are energized, which causes both propelling wheels 36 and 31 to rotate at the same speed and propel the tracing unit 36 in a straight course over the chart 24.

When lever I5 is moved clockwise (to simulate a change in course-in one direction of an aeroplane in assumed flight), contact member 43 will continue to engage contact member 45 but will break engagement with contact member 44, thus interrupting the circuit to motor 34 and stopping wheel 36. Motor 35 and wheel 31 connected therewith will, however, continue to run, causing the tracing unit to turn on a pivot about the then stationary wheel 36.

Conversely, when .lever I5 is moved counterclockwise (to simulate a change in course in the other direction of an aeroplane in assumed flight), contact member 43 will continue to engage contact member 44 but will break engagement with contact member 45, thus interrupting the circuit to motor 35 and stopping wheel 31. Motor 34 and wheel 36 connected therewith will, however, continue to run, causing the the frame 3| and a pencil 39 for marking the chart 24 which is received in a tubular support 46 may be urged downwardly by a helical spring 4|.

The synchronous motors 34 and 35 are connected in an electrical circuit (see Fig. 3) to a source of alternating current. This circuit may include a switch 42 of any suitable type and it will be seen that the motors 34 and 35 are controlled selectively through the control lever l5.

Referring now to Figs. 3 and 6 in particular, an arcuately shaped switch contact member 43 is mounted on leverl5. When lever I5 is in an upright position (which simulates a straight course of an aeroplane in assumed flight) contact member 43 bridges and makes electrical contact with a pair of arcuate switch contact members '44 and 45. This completes an electrical cirtracing unit to turn on a pivot about the then stationary wheel 31.

It is thus evident that the course of the tracing unit 36 over chart 24 is determined solely by the student through manipulation of the control lever l5. ,Movement of lever l5 clockwise will cause the tracing unit to continually change its course in one direction of rotation as long as the lever is held in such position; movement of lever l5 counterclockwise will cause the tracing unit to continually change its course in an opposite direction of rotation; and with the lever l5 in a neutral or upright position, the tracing unit will move in a straight course across the chart 24.

Compass cards 19 and 26 are adapted to be rotated in-phase with rotation of the tracing unit 36. This may be achieved in one manner by a pulley and rope system which mechanically couples the tracing unit 36 to the compass cards |9 and 26. This system includes a pair of arms 66 and 6|, one end of each arm being joined together in a flexible joint by a connecting pin 62, and a pair of pulleys 65, 66 are keyed or otherwise secured to the pin 62- so that they will rotate together.

The other end of arm 66 is fastened to the frame 3| by means of a pin 63 and this end of the arm .66 also supports the contact pin block 59. Pin 63'is fixed against rotation and a pulley 64 is keyed or otherwise secured on the pin 63.

. The other end of arm 6| is fastened to a bracket 61 by means of a pin" 66 and another 20. For transmitting to the student radio signals I runs from pulley B9 to a pulley 'l'l, keyed or otherwise'secured to pin 2| so as to be rotatable withcompass cards l9 and 20. Thus, by means of this pulley and rope system, any turning movement of the tracing unit 30 will efl'ect an equal turningf novement of the compass cards l9 and simulating radio signal broadcast to an aeroplane in actual flight, a beam oscillator 18 of any suitable type now on the market is positioned at the observers side of. the table l3. Oscillator 18 (the circuit details of which are conventional and hence have not been illustrated because they do not form a part of our invention), is provided with a pair of control handles 19 and 80. Handle 19 is utilized forselecting the correct signal to transmit to the student in accordance with the position of the marking pencil 39 of tracing unit 39 on the chart 24. This signal will either be an 3 by the observer through operation of handle. ll

- on the oscillator in accordance with the direction of motion of the tracing unit 30 relative to the center 29 at which the radio station is'assumed to be located.

The student locates himself with respect to the radio station assumed to be at the center 29 and by noting the signals as they are received by him and by interpreting their change in char-' acter and variation in intensity as he simulates a change in course of his stationary trainer" by operation of lever in one direction or the other,

which course changes are indicated'to him by'the simulated compass l9, ffiles as near as possible to the radiostation.

Upon completion of the flight,". the observer and student pdlot are provided with ana-ccurate graph of the flight and this graph can be used to determine the relative ability of the student A or an N or a steady hum, as previously described. The handle 80 is utilized for varying the intensity of the signal in accordancewith the direction of movement of the marking pencil 39. Head sets 8| and 82 are provided for use by the student and observer respectively in receiving the signals.

Operation a straightcourse as indicated by the instant position of the simulated compass card l9; that should he desire to change his course in either direction, such may be accomplished by turning the lever l5 one way or the other from its verticaitposition; that asl'ong as the lever 15 is held downf'iro v the vertical, his course will be continually c anged as indicated by the rotating compass card l9, thus simulating actual turning movement of an aircraft; and further that when the desired change in course has been obin orienting himself in his trainer with respect to the radio beam pattern on the chart.

In conclusion, we wish it to be understood that various modifications and changes may be made in our device without departing from the spirit and scope of ourinvention as defined by the appended claims. As anexample of sucha change, the tracing unit 30 might be replaced by a modifled version oi the recorder shown anddescribed in U. S. Patent No. 2,179,663 to Link, in which the autosynchronous motor shown in such patent would be replaced by a reversible motor, the direction of rotation of which would be controlled by lever I5, and a pulley mounted on one of the vertical shafts supporting one of the driving mofactured and used by or for the Government. of

I of this invention, what is claimed is:

tained, the simulated aircraft may be restored to.

movement in a straight line along the new course by restoring the lever l5 to the vertical position.

With-the lever IS in a vertical position, the switch 42 is closed and this energizes both motors 34 and 35 of the tracing unit 30, causing the latter to move and record by pencil 39 a straight course over the chart 24 at a speed simulating the speed of an aeroplane in actual flight over the terrain represented by the geographical area on the chart.

The observer, with his head set on, then transmits to the student 'by means of the handle 19 on oscillator 18 signals corresponding to the position of the tracing unit 30 on chart 2!. At the beginning, with the tracing unit in the section bethe United States of America for governmental purpose without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.

Having thus set forth and disclosed the nature 1; A stationary trainer device for teaching a Stu-dentin; flying radio beam patterns, said device comprising a simulated compass visible to the student, a tracing unit remote from the student, said unit having chart marking means and means for propelling the tracing unit on a chart onat an assumed forward speed of said trainer device, control meansoperable at the will of the student for changing the heading of said tracing unit on the chart, mean coupling said simulated compass to said tracing unit for changing the heading of said compass in accordance with changes in heading of said tracing unit for indicating to the student simulated changes" in heading of said trainer device, meansoper'able for transmitting to the student signals simulating radio signals broadcastv to an aeroplane in actual flight, said signals being transmitted in accordance with the heading and position or said unit is adapted to be tween beams 26 and 2l, such signal would be an] 7 N and the intensity of the signal would bevaried tracing unit-on said chart, and means for .varying the intensity of such signals. I 2. A stationary trainer device for teaching. a. student in flying radio beam patterns, said device comprising control means operable by said student, a simulated compas visible to thestudent, a tracing unit remote from the student, said unit having chart marking means and propelling wheels therefor, a chart on which said tracing moved, said-chart including a layout of a radio meanscoupled to said propelling wheels to move said tracing uniton said chart at an assumed tor be'ampattern thereon, driving neutral position to a first selected position for continuously changing the heading of said tracing unit in one direction of rotation, means operable when and for as long as said control means is shifted from its neutral position to a second selected position for continuously changing the heading of said tracing unit in the other direction of rotation, means coupling said simulated compass to said tracing unit for changing the heading of said compass in accordance with changes in headin ofsaid tracing unit for indicating to the student a simulated heading of said I trainer, means for transmitting to the student signal simulating radio signals broadcast to an aeroplane in actual flight, said signals being transmitted in accordance with the observed heading and position of said tracing unit on said chart, and means for varying the intensity of such signals.

' 3, A stationary trainer device for teaching a student in flying radio beam patterns, said device comprising control means operable by said student, a simulated compass visible to said-student, a tracing unit remote from the student, said unit having marking means and a pair of axially aligned propelling wheels therefor, a chart on which said tracing unit is adapted to move,- said chart including a layout of a radio beam pattern thereon, separately operable driving means coupled to each of saidpropelling wheels compass cards, the indicia on one card being 180 out of phase with the indicia on the other card, said compass cards being mounted adjacent an apertured portion of said partition member, one card being visible through said aperture to the student and the other visible to the observer, a chart visible to the observer, said chart being rendered invisible to the student by said partition member and said chart including a layout of a radio beam pattern thereon, a tracing unit,

said tracing unit having chart marking means, propelling wheels and driving means coupled to said wheels to propel said tracing unit on said chart at an assumed forward speed of said trainer, means operable when said control means is in a neutral position to effect straight linev propulsion of said tracing unit on said chart, means operable when and for as long as said control means is shifted from its neutral position to a first selected position for continuously changing the heading'of said tracing unit in one direction of rotation, means operable when and-for as long as said control means is shifted from its neutral position to a second selected position for continuously changing the heading of said tracing unit in the other direction of rotation, means coupling said compass cards to said tracing unit for changing the heading of said compass cards in accordance with changes in-heading of said tracing unit for indicating to the student a simulated heading of said trainer, means operable by the observer for transmitting to the student signals simulating radio signals broadcast to an adapted to move said tracing unit over said .chart at an assumed forward speed of said -trainer, means operable when said control means is in a neutral position to simultaneously render operable both of said driving means whereby said tracing unit will move in a straight line on said chart, means operable when and for as long as said control means is. shifted from its neutral position to a first selected position to render operable only the driving means coupled to one of said pair of propelling wheels and means operable when andfor as long as said control means is shifted from its neutral position to a second selected position to render operable only the driving means coupled to the other of said pair of propelling wheels'whereby the heading of said tracing unit on said chart will be changed-as the particular propelling wheel then being driven pivots about the other then stationary propelling wheel, means coupling said simulated compass 'to said tracing .unit for changing the heading of said compass'in accordance with changes in heading of said tracing unit for indicating to the student a simulated heading of said trainer, means for transmitting to the student signals simulating radio signals broadcast to an aeroplane in actual flight, said signals being transmitted in accordance with the observed heading and position of said tracing unit on said chart, and means for varying the intensity of such signals.

aeroplane in actual flight, said signals being transmitted in accordance with the observed heading and position of said chart marking means on said chart, and means operable by the observer for varying the intensity of such signals.

5. The combination of claim 4, wherein said compass cards are mechanically coupled by pulley and rope mechanism to said tracing unit to follow changes in heading of thetracing unit on the chart, said pulley and rope mechanism being carried by a pair of articulated arms, one of said arms being pivotally connected to said tracing unit and the other of ,said arms being pivotally supported on said partition member.

6. A tracing unit adapted to be moved over a chart for use as part of a trainer device for teaching a student in flying radio beams, said tracing unit including a pair of axially aligned wheels for propelling the tracing unit, chart marking means, and driving means for said wheels, said driving means being operable at the chart for use as part of a trainer device for.

I teaching a student in flying radio beams, said 4. In a trainer device for teaching a student in tracing unit including a pair of axially aligned wheels for propelling the tracing unit, chart marking means disposed between said wheels, and separate motors for driving each of said wheels, said motors being selectively operable at the will of the student for driving the wheels either one at a time or together to cause said marking means to trace over said chart a course simulated by the student.

ARTHUR H. nnmnnomn. i

a HARRYPRICE. 

